XLVII. On azimuthal refraction

Planck intermediate results . XLVII

We investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We combine the Planck CMB anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit ΛCDM models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. We obtain a Thomson optical depth τ = 0.058±0.012 for the commonly adopted instantaneous reionization mo...

Xlvii. the Heat Inactivation of Diphtheria Antitoxin

Planck intermediate results - XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history

We investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We combine the Planck CMB anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit ΛCDM models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. We obtain a Thomson optical depth τ = 0.058±0.012 for the commonly adopted instantaneous reionization mo...

Hints on Refraction

This is an excellent little guide to sight testing by Dr. S. K. G-anguly, Assistant at the Eye Infirmary of the Medical College, Calcutta. It is a very practical little book?concise, correct, and clear. Each section or chapter is devoted to description with methods of procedure and illustrative examples. The difficult subject of astigmatism is clearly explained, and the methods for correction d...

Steiger on refraction: a reappraisal.

Seventy years ago Steiger, a Swiss ophthalmologist, found the distribution of corneal powers to follow a normal (binomial) curve. He noted a wide range of values among emmetropes, and he also knew that their axial lengths varied significantly. He expected that normal distributions would be found for other components of refraction and also for refraction as a whole, and in seeking a controlling ...